1. Check your current EHIC / CEAM: note the expiry. If it's nearing expiration, start a renewal via your national health portal (for example, 'mon compte ameli' in France).
2. Apply early — ideally weeks before any trip — to avoid gaps in coverage.
3. If you leave soon: request a provisional certificate if your country offers it.
4. Keep a digital backup: a scanned copy or photo on your phone helps in emergencies.
5. Buy a supplemental travel/private insurance to cover what EHIC does not: repatriation, private care, etc.
6. When you use it on site: present the card to the local provider, ask for a complete receipt. You may pay upfront or a portion, depending on local rules, then claim reimbursement under your home scheme.
Concrete example: Suppose you live in Germany but travel for a week to France. You show your German EHIC at a French hospital, get treated, pay any local balance, then bring receipts home to Germany for reimbursement under German rates.